Table 6.1     Benthic infauna collected in grab samples.

Taxa

Mean no. 0.023m-2

Comments

Acari

Mites

Acarid sp.

0.008

Amphipoda

Small crustaceans, brood their young

Ampelisca sp.

0.005

Ampelisca verrilli

0.005

Abundant in coarse sands, intertidal to 50m. Annual life cycle

Amphipoda sp.

0.191

Amphipoda sp. b

0.037

Amphipoda sp. c

0.06

Ampithoe sp.

0.028

Estuarine and marine species, some burrowing and some epibenthic.

Corophium sp.

0.028

Tube building, living in muddy bottoms

Corophium lacustre

0.014

Corophium volutator

0.005

Tube building, living in estuarine mud flats.

Crangonyx sp.

0.07

Cyathura sp.

0.084

Common estuarine genus

Gammarus mucronatus

0.219

Common estuarine species down to 4ppt, benthic and pelagic

Gammarus palustris

0.809

Benthic, in estuaries and salt marshes, found among vegetaton.

Gammarus sp.

0.247

Gammarus tigrinus

0.093

Lives mainly among debris in the upper estuary.

Haustoriidae sp.

0.005

Lembos smithi

0.005

Intertidal and deeper, in areas with moderate currents, among structure.

Lembos websterti

0.033

Associated with algae in areas with moderate current, subtidal.

Maera sp.

0.065

Benthic and epibnehtic, in mud and along rocky shorelines.

Marinagammarus stierorsis

0.014

Monoculodes sp.

0.493

Lives in fine sands, full marine and brackish.

Stenopleustes sp.

0.009

Talitridae sp.

0.005

Bivalvia

Clams, mussels, oysters and scallops

Bivalvia sp.

0.288

Bivalve (juv)

0.651

Corbicula sp.

0.102

Asian clam (introduced), more common in fresh or brackish areas

Macoma mitchelli

0.009

Rosy clam

Mulinia sp.

0.047

Dwarf surf clam

Mulinia lateralis

0.056

Rangia cuneata

0.047

Mud or muddy sand, more common in brackish or fresh areas

Spisula sp.

0.005

Tellinidae sp.

0.042

Branchiopoda

Water fleas, includes the genus Daphnia

Cladocera sp.

0.005

Daphnia sp.

0.126

Decapoda

shrimp, crabs, crayfish

Palaemonetes pugio

0.005

Grass shrimp, widespread and common estuarine species

Pinnixia sp.

0.005

Pea crabs

Uca sp.

0.019

Fiddler crabs, benthic burrowers

Enteropneusta

Saccoglossus sp.

0.005

Acorn worms

Fish

Juvenile flatfish

0.005

Larval fish

0.005

Unable to identify

Leiostomus xanthurus

0.009

Juvenile spot

Trinectes maculatus

0.005

Gastropoda

Snails

Gastropoda sp.

0.753

Insecta

Brilla sp.

0.005

Cardiocladius sp.

0.005

Ceratopogonida sp.

0.005

Biting midges, "no-see-ums"

Chaoborus albatus

0.005

Chironomidae sp.

0.386

Large family of non-biting flies, mostly benthic larvae.

Chironomus sp.

0.023

Genus of chironomids.

Coeltanypus sp.

0.149

Collembola sp.

0.005

Spring tail

Cryptochironomus sp.

0.023

Diamesinea sp.

0.033

Subfamily of chironomids.

Dicrotendipes sp.

0.009

Genus of chironomids.

Diptera sp.

0.014

Flies, mosquitoes, and midges

Ephoron leukon

0.005

Lives in u-shaped burrows in streams.

Hemiptera sp

0.005

Insecta sp.

0.074

Litobrancha recurvata

0.005

Palpomyia/Bezzia sp.

0.051

Genus of biting midges.

Polymitarcyidae sp.

0.005

Burrowing larvae, this is the group E. leukon belongs to

Polypedilum sp.

1.074

Chironomid larvae (27 species in the southeast)

Procladius sp.

1.265

Chironomid larvae.

Tanypodinae sp.

0.186

Chironomid larvae.

Tanytarsus sp.

0.005

Tipulidae sp.

0.005

Crane flies (large group, 60 genera)

Isopoda

Crustaceans, group includes fish lice and pill bugs

Chiridotea almyra

0.019

Common genera, associated with sandy bottoms, burrowing

Chiridotea coeca

0.005

Edotea sp.

0.126

Common species, frequently found with algae

Edotea triloba

0.056

Common species, frequently found with algae

Erichsonella sp.

0.005

Often associated with structure

Eusymmerus sp.

0.023

Idoteidae sp.

0.009

Isopoda sp.

0.023

Mysidea

Shrimp-like crustaceans, important in fish diets, epibenthic/pelagic

Mysidae sp.

0.005

Mysidopsis sp.

0.009

Mysidopsis biglowi

0.005

Mysidopsis furca

0.005

Mysis sp.

0.005

Neomysis sp.

0.005

Nemertea

Ribbon worms, benthic predators

Nemertea sp.

0.098

Oligochaeta

Group of worms that includes earthworms, more common in brackish and freshwater areas

Oligochaeta sp.

17.93

Ostracoda

Small crustaceans that include planktonic and benthic groups

Ostracoda sp.

0.874

Platyhelminthes

Flatworms, most are benthic predators

Platyhelminth sp.

0.009

Polychaeta

Bristle worms, large group with many estuarine and marine species

Aricidea sp.

0.005

Thread worms

Aricidea suecica

0.005

Thread worms

Armandia maculata

0.005

Capitellidae sp.

0.13

Family of deposit feeding, burrowing worms

Caulloriella sp.

0.005

Surface burrowing deposit feeder

Cossuridae sp.

0.028

Glyceridae sp.

0.009

Blood worms

Gonianidus sp.

0.005

Heteromastus filiformis

0.047

Burrowing deposit feeder in the family Capitellidae

Hobsonia florida

0.005

Tube-dwelling worm, deposit feeder

Hypereteone heteropoda

0.014

Laeonereis culveri

0.167

Species of clam worms

Laeonereis sp.

0.033

Maldanidea sp.

0.005

Bamboo worms, tube dwelling deposit feeders

Maranzellaria virdis

10.97

Species of Spionidae, tolerant of low salinites

Mediomastus ambiseta

0.995

Burrowing deposit feeder belonging to the family Capitellidae

Mediomastus californiensis

0.419

Burrowing deposit feeder belonging to the family Capitellidae

Mediomastus spp.

6.572

Burrowing deposit feeder belonging to the family Capitellidae

Neanthes succinea

0.014

Species of clamworm, benthic predator

Nereidae sp.

0.033

Clamworms

Nereidae (juv)

0.005

Nereis falsa

0.088

Species of clamworm, benthic predator

Nereis sp.

0.051

Species of clamworm

Ophelia denticulata

0.005

Burrower

Parandalia sp.

0.167

Phyllodocidae sp.

0.005

Paddle worms

Polychaeta sp. A

0.065

Polychaeta sp. B

0.005

Polychaete sp.

0.084

Polydora socialis

0.116

Species of Spionidae

Polydora sp.

0.009

Species of Spionidae

Samythella eliasoni

0.005

Scolelepis sp.

0.005

Spionidae sp.

0.358

Tube-dwelling deposit feeders, facultative predators and filterers

Streblospio benedicti

1.698

Species of Spionidae

Terebellidae sp.

0.019

Partchment tube worms, deposit feeders

Tharyx sp.

0.005

Sipunculid

Peanut worms

Sipunculid sp.

0.005

Tanaidacea sp.

0.051

Small crustaceans, many living in tubes