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Garland’s best work came from “the working side of the fence,”
including stories like “Up the Coulé,” which accentuated the differences
between two brothers who stood on opposite sides of a metaphoric fence.
As many have noted, when Garland stayed on the working side, dealing with
agrarian material he knew first-hand, he was at his strongest;
when he moved to the other side of the fence, for example, to the city,
he became more superficial.
| #9 Barbed wire
“I see
life from the working side of the fence, and not from the buggy of the visiting
city novelist. . . . The beauty of the scene is there truly enough, but beneath
it all are pain and squalor. I aim
to put all there is in the scene, on the surface and beneath, into my
pictures.” [Garland interview, 1894] |
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#10 Wet grasses
"The grass in rustling ripple, cleaves
to left and right in emerald flow"
["Prairie Memories," Prairie
Songs, 1893]
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Garland authored many poems featuring native grasses, including one entitled
"A Tribute of Grasses," dedicated to Walt Whitman:
"I bring a handful of grass to thee --
The prairie grasses I know the best;
Type of the wealth and width of the plan,
Strong of the strength of the wind and sleet,
Fragrant with sunlight and cool with rain,
I bring it and lay it low at thy feet,
Here by the eastern sea.25
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In 1870, when the Garland family moved to Mitchell County, north Iowa was
part of a vast tallgrass prairie that spread across the region. Garland
makes frequent references to the verdant grasses that tempted him to halt his
field work and idle away a few hours.
| #11 Timothy at the field's edge
"The temptation to sit on
the corner of the harrow and dream the moments away was very great, and
sometimes as I laid my tired body down on the tawny, sunlit grass at the edge of
the field, and gazed up at the beautiful clouds sailing by, I wished for leisure
to explore purple valleys." [A Son of the Middle Border, 1917] |
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Although similar, this is not the
Garland windmill, which is a bit more dilapidated than this one in a southern
Minnesota field (once a farmstead), 15 miles northwest of the Garland site. Along
with barbed wire, windmills were the kind of technological advancement that
marked Garland’s Iowa years. Remember,
in the 1870s, there was no gas or electricity here, no power other than wind and
water, horse and human muscle.
| #12 Windmill
“No
open prairie could be found. Every
quarter-section, every acre, was ploughed.
The very air seemed tamed and set to work at the windmills which rose
high above every barn, like great sunflowers.”
[Boy Life on the Prairie, 1899] |
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